SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 8-K
Current Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported): June 12, 2024
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
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| (Address of principal executive offices) | ||
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (214 ) 357-9588
Check the appropriate box if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the reporting obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:
| Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act | |||||
| Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 of the Exchange Act | |||||
| Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) Exchange Act | |||||
| Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) Exchange Act | |||||
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
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Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (§230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (§240.12b-2 of this chapter).
Emerging growth company ☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Section 2 – Financial Information
Item 2.02. Results of Operations and Financial Condition.
The information contained in Item 2.02 of this Current Report on Form 8-K, including the Exhibit attached hereto, is being furnished and shall not be deemed to be “filed” for the purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that Section. Furthermore, the information contained in Item 2.02 of this Current Report on Form 8-K shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any registration statement or other document filed pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
On June 12, 2024, Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc. (the “Company”) issued a press release announcing results its first quarter 2024 results. A copy of this Press Release is attached hereto as Exhibit 99.1.
Item 9.01. Financial Statements and Exhibits
(d)Exhibits.
| 99.1 | ||||||||
| 104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File (the Cover Page Interactive Data File is embedded within the Inline XBRL document). | |||||||
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.
| DAVE & BUSTER’S ENTERTAINMENT, INC. | ||||||||
Date: June 12, 2024 | By: | /s/ Michael Quartieri | ||||||
| Michael Quartieri | ||||||||
| Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer | ||||||||
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Exhibit 99.1
Dave & Buster’s Reports First Quarter 2024 Financial Results, Repurchases $50 Million of Shares and Executes Sale Leaseback Agreement of Two Properties for $45 Million
DALLAS, June 12, 2024 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Dave & Buster's Entertainment, Inc., (NASDAQ: PLAY), ("Dave & Buster's" or "the Company"), an owner and operator of entertainment and dining venues, today announced financial results for its first quarter ended May 5, 2024.
Key First Quarter 2024 Highlights
•First quarter revenue of $588.1 million decreased 1.5% from the first quarter of 2023.
•Comparable store sales decreased 5.6% compared with the same calendar period in 2023. The same calendar period compares the 13 weeks from February 5, 2024 through May 5, 2024 to the 13 weeks from February 6, 2023 through May 7, 2023.
•Net income totaled $41.4 million, or $0.99 per diluted share, compared with net income of $70.1 million, or $1.45 per diluted share in the first quarter of 2023. Adjusted Net income totaled $46.4 million, or $1.12 per diluted share, compared with Adjusted Net income of $73.9 million, or $1.52 per diluted share in the first quarter of 2023.
•Adjusted EBITDA of $159.1 million decreased 12.6% from the first quarter of 2023.
Other Highlights
•The Company opened three new Dave & Buster's stores and one new Main Event store in the first quarter
•Year to date, the Company has repurchased 1.0 million shares at a total cost of $50.0 million and representing 2.4% of the Company's outstanding shares as of the end of fiscal 2023. The Company has $150.0 million remaining on its share repurchase authorization.
•Subsequent to the end of the quarter, the Company entered into a sale leaseback transaction agreement with an institutional real estate investor for the real estate of two Dave & Buster's stores and anticipates generating $45.0 million in proceeds upon closing the transaction.
•The Company announced that it has entered into an international franchise partnership agreement to develop five stores in the Philippines. To date, the Company has entered into international franchise partnership agreements across seven countries with 38 stores committed to development and anticipates up to four of these stores opening in the next 12 months.
"We continue to make material progress advancing our key organic growth initiatives. We have seen meaningful success growing our loyalty database through our new marketing engine, highlighting our enhanced food and beverage offering through compelling promotions, refining our games pricing strategy, driving incremental special events and clear outperformance in our remodel initiative which we expect will lead to substantial improvement in revenue and profitability over the medium term. We also continued to open new stores at highly attractive returns on our investment and have continued to opportunistically return capital to shareholders via our share repurchase program in a highly accretive manner” said Chris Morris, Dave & Buster's Chief Executive Officer. “During the quarter, we realized more than $10 million of incremental labor and marketing costs associated with the roll-out of new initiatives and certain marketing tests which we do not expect to repeat going forward. Additionally, we are pleased with the improving top and bottom-line performance we have seen over the last several weeks as we scale some of our more successful organic growth initiatives. I am proud of the hard work of our dedicated team in the quarter as we continue to deliver strong operating performance and generate significant free cash flow in the face of a difficult prior year comparisons driven by a complex macroeconomic
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environment and consumer demand curve. We remain laser focused on delivering the $1 billion Adjusted EBITDA target in the coming years."
First Quarter 2024 Results
Total revenue was $588.1 million, a decrease of 1.5% from $597.3 million in the first quarter of 2023.
Comparable store sales decreased 5.6% versus the comparable 13 weeks of 2023. The comparable 13 weeks of 2023 (February 6, 2023 through May 7, 2023) used in this calculation differs from the Company's fiscal first quarter of 2023 to properly align the comparable weeks of the calendar due to the calendar shift resulting from fiscal 2023 consisting of 53 weeks.
Operating income totaled $85.5 million, or 14.5% of revenue, compared with operating income of $121.4 million, or 20.2% of revenue in the first quarter of 2023.
Net income totaled $41.4 million, or $0.99 per diluted share, compared with net income of $70.1 million, or $1.45 per diluted share in the first quarter of 2023.
Adjusted EBITDA totaled $159.1 million, or 27.1% of revenue, compared with Adjusted EBITDA of $182.1 million, or 30.5% of revenue in the first quarter of 2023. Adjusted EBITDA in the quarter decreased, in part, due to $11 million of costs which the Company does not expect to repeat going forward, including labor and marketing costs related to the roll-out of our new menu and service model, the deployment of a number of new technology systems, and an unsuccessful incremental marketing campaign test.
Store operating income before depreciation and amortization totaled $183.1 million, or 31.1% of revenue, compared with store operating income before depreciation and amortization of $206.4 million, or 34.6% of revenue in the first quarter of 2023.
Balance Sheet, Liquidity, Cash Flow and Share Repurchases
The Company generated $108.8 million in operating cash flow during the first quarter, ending the quarter with $32.1 million in cash and $484.0 million of availability under its $500.0 million revolving credit facility. The Company ended the quarter with a Net Total Leverage Ratio of 2.3x as defined under its credit agreement as the ratio of the aggregate principal amount of any Consolidated Debt less Unrestricted Cash and unrestricted Permitted Investments to Credit Adjusted EBITDA (each as defined in the credit agreement). The Company's maximum permitted Net Total Leverage Ratio is 3.5x.
Year to date, the Company has repurchased 1.0 million shares at a total cost of $50.0 million and representing 2.4% of the Company's outstanding shares as of the end of fiscal 2023. The Company has $150.0 million remaining on its share repurchase authorization.
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q Available
The Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, which will be available at www.sec.gov and on the Company’s investor relations website, contains a thorough review of its financial results for the first quarter ended May 5, 2024.
Investor Conference Call and Webcast
Management will host a conference call to report these results on Wednesday, June 12, 2024, at 4:00 p.m. Central Time (5:00 p.m. Eastern Time). Participants can access the conference call by dialing toll-free (877) 883-0383. The international dial-in for participants is (412) 902-6506. The participant entry number is 5660622. A replay will be available after the call for one year beginning at 6:00 p.m. Central Time (7:00 p.m. Eastern Time) and can be accessed by dialing toll-free (877) 344-7529 or by the international toll number (412) 317-0088; the replay access code 6852130. Additionally, a live and archived webcast of the conference call will be available at ir.daveandbusters.com.
About Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc.
Founded in 1982 and headquartered in Coppell, Texas, Dave & Buster's Entertainment, Inc., is the owner and operator of 224 venues in North America that offer premier entertainment and dining experiences to guests through two distinct
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brands: Dave & Buster’s and Main Event. The Company has 165 Dave & Buster’s branded stores in 42 states, Puerto Rico, and Canada and offers guests the opportunity to "Eat Drink Play and Watch," all in one location. Each store offers a full menu of entrées and appetizers, a complete selection of alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages, and an extensive assortment of entertainment attractions centered around playing games and watching live sports and other televised events. The Company also operates 59 Main Event branded stores in 20 states across the country, and offers state-of-the-art bowling, laser tag, hundreds of arcade games and virtual reality, making it the perfect place for families to connect and make memories. For more information about each brand, visit daveandbusters.com and mainevent.com.
Forward-Looking Statements
The Company cautions that this release contains forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology, including the terms “believes,” “estimates,” “anticipates,” “expects,” “intends,” “may,” “will” or “should” or, in each case, their negative or other variations or comparable terminology. These forward-looking statements include all matters that are not historical facts. They appear in a number of places throughout this release and include statements regarding our intentions, beliefs or current expectations concerning, among other things, our results of operations, financial condition, liquidity, prospects, growth, strategies and the industry in which we operate.
By their nature, forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties because they relate to events and depend on circumstances that may or may not occur in the future. Forward-looking statements are not a guarantee of future performance and our actual results of operations, financial condition and liquidity, and the development of the industry in which we operate may differ materially from those made in or suggested by the forward-looking statements contained in this release as a result of various factors, including those set forth in the section entitled “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on April 2, 2024. In addition, even if our results of operations, financial condition and liquidity, and the development of the industry in which we operate are consistent with the forward-looking statements contained in this release, such results or developments may not be indicative of results or developments in subsequent periods.
Non-GAAP Measures
To supplement its consolidated financial statements, which are prepared and presented in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”), the Company uses the following non-GAAP financial measures: EBITDA, EBITDA margin, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA margin, Credit Adjusted EBITDA (calculated in accordance with the Company’s Credit Facility), Credit Adjusted EBITDA margin, Store operating income before depreciation and amortization, Store operating income before depreciation and amortization margin, Adjusted Net income, Adjusted net income per share - Diluted, and pro forma financials including Main Event branded stores prior to the Company's ownership, reconciliations of which can be found on our website (collectively the “non-GAAP financial measures”). The presentation of this financial information is not intended to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for, or superior to, the financial information prepared and presented in accordance with GAAP. The Company uses these non-GAAP financial measures for financial and operational decision making and as a means to evaluate period-to-period comparisons. The Company believes that they provide useful information about operating results, enhance the overall understanding of our operating performance and future prospects, and allow for greater transparency with respect to key metrics used by management in its financial and operational decision making. The non-GAAP measures used by the Company in this press release may be different from the measures used by other companies.
For Investor Relations Inquiries:
Cory Hatton, VP Investor Relations & Treasurer
Dave & Buster’s Entertainment, Inc.
Cory.Hatton@daveandbusters.com
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DAVE & BUSTER'S ENTERTAINMENT, INC.
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(unaudited, in millions, except per share amounts)
| Thirteen Weeks Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
May 5, 2024 (1) | April 30, 2023 (1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Entertainment revenues | $385.7 | 65.6 | % | $393.1 | 65.8 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Food and beverage revenues | 202.4 | 34.4 | % | 204.2 | 34.2 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | 588.1 | 100.0 | % | 597.3 | 100.0 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
Cost of entertainment (2) | 33.2 | 8.6 | % | 35.2 | 9.0 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
Cost of food and beverage (2) | 54.1 | 26.7 | % | 59.1 | 28.9 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total cost of products | 87.3 | 14.8 | % | 94.3 | 15.8 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating payroll and benefits | 141.6 | 24.1 | % | 130.6 | 21.9 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
Other store operating expenses (2) | 176.1 | 29.9 | % | 166.0 | 27.8 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| General and administrative expenses | 31.5 | 5.4 | % | 31.4 | 5.3 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization expense | 62.8 | 10.7 | % | 48.9 | 8.2 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Pre-opening costs | 3.3 | 0.6 | % | 4.7 | 0.8 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total operating costs | 502.6 | 85.5 | % | 475.9 | 79.8 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating income | 85.5 | 14.5 | % | 121.4 | 20.2 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense, net | 33.1 | 5.6 | % | 30.7 | 5.1 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Income before provision for income taxes | 52.4 | 8.9 | % | 90.7 | 15.1 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Provision for income taxes | 11.0 | 1.9 | % | 20.6 | 3.4 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | 41.4 | 7.0 | % | $ | 70.1 | 11.7 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Net income per share: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic | $ | 1.03 | $ | 1.46 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted | $ | 0.99 | $ | 1.45 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted average shares used in per share calculations: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic shares | 40.32 | 47.93 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted shares | 41.64 | 48.47 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other information: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Company-owned stores at end of period | 224 | 208 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Store operating weeks in the period | 2,891 | 2,690 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenue per store operating weeks in the period (in thousands) | $ | 203 | $ | 222 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
(1)All percentages are expressed as a percentage of total revenues for the respective period presented, except cost of entertainment, which is expressed as a percentage of entertainment revenues, and cost of food and beverage, which is expressed as a percentage of food and beverage revenues.
(2)We reclassified $0.9 to cost of entertainment and $3.1 to cost of food and beverage, respectively, from other store operating expenses for the thirteen weeks ended April 30, 2023 to be consistent with the presentation for the thirteen weeks ended May 5, 2024. During the thirteen weeks ended May 5, 2024, we determined that reclassifying the expenses, which are primarily related to inventory items provided to customers during promotions and events, results in a clearer presentation of the cost of goods sold.
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DAVE & BUSTER'S ENTERTAINMENT, INC.
Other Operating Data
(unaudited, in millions)
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets:
| May 5, 2024 | February 4, 2024 | ||||||||||
| ASSETS | |||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $32.1 | $37.3 | |||||||||
| Other current assets | 105.7 | 100.2 | |||||||||
| Total current assets | 137.8 | 137.5 | |||||||||
| Property and equipment, net | 1,371.3 | 1,332.7 | |||||||||
| Operating lease right of use assets | 1,314.4 | 1,323.3 | |||||||||
| Intangible and other assets, net | 961.8 | 960.9 | |||||||||
| Total assets | $3,785.3 | $3,754.4 | |||||||||
| LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY | |||||||||||
| Total current liabilities | $424.1 | $435.6 | |||||||||
| Operating lease liabilities | 1,552.0 | 1,558.5 | |||||||||
| Other long-term liabilities | 227.5 | 225.1 | |||||||||
| Long-term debt, net | 1,289.2 | 1,284.0 | |||||||||
| Stockholders' equity | 292.5 | 251.2 | |||||||||
| Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | $3,785.3 | $3,754.4 | |||||||||
Summary Cash Flow Information:
| Thirteen Weeks Ended | ||||||||||||||
| May 5, 2024 | April 30, 2023 | |||||||||||||
| Net cash provided by operating activities: | $ | 108.8 | $ | 92.4 | ||||||||||
| Net cash used in investing activities: | (112.8) | (50.8) | ||||||||||||
| Net cash used in financing activities: | (1.2) | (131.7) | ||||||||||||
| Decrease in cash and cash equivalents | $ | (5.2) | $ | (90.1) | ||||||||||
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DAVE & BUSTER'S ENTERTAINMENT, INC.
Non-GAAP Measures
(unaudited, in millions)
Adjusted EBITDA:
Adjusted EBITDA represents net income before income taxes, depreciation and amortization expense and other items, as calculated below. Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure commonly used in our industry and should not be construed as an alternative to net income as an indicator of operating performance or as an alternative to cash flow provided by operating activities as a measure of liquidity (as determined in accordance with GAAP). Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies. Adjusted EBITDA is presented because we believe that it provides useful information to investors and analysts regarding our operating performance. By reporting Adjusted EBITDA, we provide a basis for comparison of our business operations between current, past and future periods by excluding items that we do not believe are indicative of our core operating performance. A reconciliation of net income to Adjusted EBITDA is provided below for the periods presented:
| Thirteen Weeks Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||
May 5, 2024 (5) | April 30, 2023 (5) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | $41.4 | 7.0 | % | $70.1 | 11.7 | % | |||||||||||||||||
| Add back: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense, net | 33.1 | 30.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Provision for income taxes | 11.0 | 20.6 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization expense | 62.8 | 48.9 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| EBITDA | 148.3 | 25.2 | % | 170.3 | 28.5 | % | |||||||||||||||||
| Add back: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Share-based compensation (1) | 4.0 | 6.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Transaction and integration costs (2) | 0.6 | 2.6 | |||||||||||||||||||||
System implementation costs (3) | 3.9 | 1.6 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Other costs, net (4) | 2.3 | 0.9 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDA, a non-GAAP measure | $159.1 | 27.1 | % | $182.1 | 30.5 | % | |||||||||||||||||
(1)Non-cash share-based compensation expense, net of forfeitures, recorded in general and administrative expenses on the consolidated comprehensive income statement.
(2)Transaction and integration costs related to the acquisition and integration of Main Event recorded in general and administrative expenses on the consolidated comprehensive income statement.
(3)System implementation costs represent expenses incurred related to the development and launch of new enterprise resource planning, human capital management and inventory software for our stores and store support teams and staff augmentation for the implementation team at the store support center. These charges are primarily recorded in general and administrative expenses on the consolidated comprehensive income statement.
(4)Includes one-time, third-party consulting fees that are not part of our ongoing operations, impairment expenses and (gain) loss on property and equipment transactions.
(5)All percentages are expressed as a percentage of total revenues for the respective period presented.
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Store Operating Income Before Depreciation and Amortization:
Store Operating Income Before Depreciation and Amortization, a non-GAAP measure, represents operating income, plus depreciation and amortization expense, general and administrative expenses and pre-opening costs. We believe that Store Operating Income Before Depreciation and Amortization is another useful measure in evaluating our operating performance because it removes the impact of general and administrative expenses, which are not incurred at the store level, and the costs of opening new stores, which are non-recurring at the store level, and thereby enables the comparability of the operating performance of our stores for the periods presented. We also believe that Store Operating Income Before Depreciation and Amortization is a useful measure in evaluating our operating performance within the entertainment and dining industry because it permits the evaluation of store-level productivity, efficiency, and performance, and we use Store Operating Income Before Depreciation and Amortization as a means of evaluating store financial performance compared with our competitors. However, because this measure excludes significant items such as general and administrative expenses and pre-opening costs, as well as our interest expense, net, loss on debt extinguishment/refinance and depreciation and amortization expense, which are important in evaluating our consolidated financial performance from period to period, the value of this measure is limited as a measure of our consolidated financial performance.
| Thirteen Weeks Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
May 5, 2024 (1) | April 30, 2023 (1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating income | $ | 85.5 | 14.5 | % | $ | 121.4 | 20.3 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Add back: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| General and administrative expenses | 31.5 | 31.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization expense | 62.8 | 48.9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pre-opening costs | 3.3 | 4.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Store operating income before depreciation and amortization, a non-GAAP measure | $ | 183.1 | 31.1 | % | $ | 206.4 | 34.6 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
(1)All percentages are expressed as a percentage of total revenues for the respective period presented.
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Credit Adjusted EBITDA:
Credit Adjusted EBITDA, a non-GAAP measure, represents Adjusted EBITDA plus certain other items as defined in our Credit Facility. Other adjustments include (i) entertainment revenue deferrals, (ii) the cost of new projects, including store pre-opening costs, (iii) business optimization expenses and other restructuring costs, and (iv) other costs and adjustments as permitted by the Debt Agreements. We believe the presentation of Credit Adjusted EBITDA is appropriate as it provides additional information to investors about the calculation of, and compliance with, certain financial covenants in the Credit Facility. The following table sets forth a reconciliation of Net income to Credit Adjusted EBITDA for the periods shown:
| Trailing Four Quarters Ended May 5, 2024 | ||||||||
| Net income | $98.2 | |||||||
| Add back: | ||||||||
| Interest expense, net | 129.8 | |||||||
| Loss on debt refinancing | 16.1 | |||||||
| Provision for income taxes | 26.6 | |||||||
| Depreciation and amortization expense | 222.4 | |||||||
| EBITDA | 493.1 | |||||||
| Add back: | ||||||||
Share-based compensation (1) | 13.3 | |||||||
Transaction and integration costs (2) | 9.1 | |||||||
System implementation costs (3) | 11.7 | |||||||
Pre-opening costs (4) | 17.0 | |||||||
Entertainment revenue deferrals (5) | (1.2) | |||||||
Other items, net (6) | 5.4 | |||||||
| Credit Adjusted EBITDA, a non-GAAP measure | $548.4 | |||||||
(1)Non-cash share-based compensation expense, net of forfeitures, recorded in general and administrative expenses on the consolidated comprehensive income statement.
(2)Transaction and integration costs related to the acquisition and integration of Main Event recorded in general and administrative expenses on the consolidated comprehensive income statement.
(3)System implementation costs represent expenses incurred related to the development and launch of new enterprise resource planning, human capital management and inventory software for our stores and store support teams. These charges are primarily recorded in general and administrative expenses on the consolidated comprehensive income statement.
(4)Represents costs incurred, primarily consisting of occupancy and payroll related expenses, associated with the opening of new stores. These costs are considered a "cost of new projects" as defined in our Credit Facility.
(5)Represents non-cash adjustments to our deferred entertainment revenue liabilities. These costs, which are included in entertainment revenues and food and beverage revenues on the consolidated comprehensive income statement, are considered an "other non-cash charge" as defined in our Credit Facility.
(6)Includes primarily consisted of $5.6 million of one-time, third-party consulting fees, $0.8 million of severance costs, a $2.9 million gain on property and equipment transactions and a $1.7 million impairment charge. The third-party consulting fees are not part of our ongoing operations and were incurred to execute two related, discrete, and project-based strategic initiatives aimed at transforming our marketing strategy, which are included in general and administrative expenses on the consolidated statement of comprehensive income. The transformative nature, narrow scope, and limited duration of these incremental consulting fees are not reflective of the ordinary course expenses incurred to operate our business.
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The following table provides a calculation of Net Total Leverage Ratio, as defined in our senior secured credit facility, for the period shown:
| As Of And For The Trailing Four Quarters Ended May 5, 2024 | |||||
| Credit Adjusted EBITDA (a) | $548.4 | ||||
| Total debt | $1,298.2 | ||||
| Less: Cash and cash equivalents | $(32.1) | ||||
| Add: Outstanding letters of credit | $11.0 | ||||
| Net debt (b) | $1,277.1 | ||||
| Net Total Leverage Ratio (b / a) | 2.3 | x | |||
Adjusted Net Income:
Adjusted Net income, a non-GAAP measure, represents net income before special items, as calculated below. We believe excluding these special items from net income provides investors with a clearer perspective of our ongoing operating performance and a more relevant comparison to prior period results. The following table presents a reconciliation of Net income to Adjusted Net income and presents Adjusted Net income per diluted share, for the periods shown:
| Thirteen Weeks Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| May 5, 2024 | April 30, 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | EPS | $ | EPS | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | $41.4 | $0.99 | $70.1 | $1.45 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Add back: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Transaction and integration costs (1) | 0.6 | 0.01 | 2.6 | 0.05 | |||||||||||||||||||
System implementation costs (2) | 3.9 | 0.09 | 1.5 | 0.03 | |||||||||||||||||||
Other items, net (3) | 2.3 | 0.06 | 1.0 | 0.02 | |||||||||||||||||||
Tax impact of items above, net (4) | (1.8) | (0.04) | (1.3) | (0.03) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted Net income, a non-GAAP measure | $46.4 | $1.12 | $73.9 | $1.52 | |||||||||||||||||||
(1)Transaction and integration costs related to the acquisition and integration of Main Event recorded in general and administrative expenses on the consolidated comprehensive income statement.
(2)System implementation costs represent expenses incurred related to the development and launch of new enterprise resource planning, human capital management and inventory software for our stores and store support teams. These charges are primarily recorded in general and administrative expenses on the consolidated comprehensive income statement.
(3)Includes one-time, third-party consulting fees that are not part of our ongoing operations, impairment expenses, and (gain) loss on property and equipment transactions.
(4)The income tax effect related to special items is based on the statutory tax rate for the applicable period.
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